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Objective:To analyze the medication rules in the ancient book Pu Ji Fang for the external treatment of acne based on data mining method. Methods:By screening out the methods of treating acne externally in Pu Ji Fang and establishing a standardized medical record database, this paper adopted the web version of Ancient and Modern Medical Record Cloud Platform to calculate the frequency, properties, flavors, and meridians of those medicines, and conduct cluster analysis by using IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software to analyze the association rules. Results:A total of 87 prescriptions were selected, including 164 kinds of Chinese materia medica, among which. Radix Angelicae, Ligusticum Wallichii, Rhizoma Typhoni and lead powder are frequently appeared. The properties of those medicines are mainly warm, cold and mild; the flavors of those medicines are mainly spicy, acrid, sweet and bitter, and the meridians mainly belongs to lung, spleen, stomach and liver meridians. The medical pair and group with the strongest associationion are Ligusticum Wallichii- Radix Angelicae and Rhizoma Typhonii- Radix Angelicae- Ligusticum Wallichii. Those freuently appeared medicines could be grouped into three categories. The paste dosage that was frequently appeared has strong correlation with tallow, mercury and lead powder, while the powder dosage that was frequenctly appeared has strong correlation with Angelica Dahurica, Radix Saponicae, Gleditsia sinensis, Radices Ligustici Sinensis and Ligusticum Wallichii. Conclusions:The application of data mining method could preliminarily reveal the medication rules of Pu Ji Fang for the external treatment of acne. The main treatment method is XinSanFaYue. The three categories of Chinese materia medica are used to treat the syndrome of asthenic habitus attacked by exogenous pathogenic factors, exterior attacked by wind heat and hot blood stasis respectively, showing the rules of treating acne externally before Ming Dynasty and providing references for the clinical treatment of acne.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation and predictive value of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) and clinical outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke received intravenous thrombolysis treatment at Fuyang People's Hospital from November 2019 to August 2022 were retrospectively included. Their clinical, imaging, and laboratory data were collected. After 3 months of onset, a modified Rankin Scale was used for clinical outcome evaluation and a score >2 were defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between FAR and poor outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of FAR on adverse outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Results:A total of 162 patients were included. There were 114 patients (70.4%) in the good outcome group and 48 (29.6%) in the poor outcome group. Univariate analysis showed that the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, fasting blood glucose, fibrinogen, and FAR in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group, while the serum albumin was significantly lower than that of the good outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the baseline NIHSS score (odds ratio [ OR] 1.176, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.082-1.227; P<0.001), fasting blood glucose ( OR 1.206, 95% CI 1.018-1.430; P=0.030), and FAR ( OR 1.448, 95% CI 1.449-1.824; P=0.002) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of FAR for predicting poor outcomes was 0.706 (95% CI 0.616-0.796). When the FAR cutoff value was 8.06, the sensitivity and specificity were 66.7% and 78.2%, respectively. Conclusion:There is a significant correlation between FAR and outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Higher FAR has certain predictive value for poor outcomes of patients.
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This paper collects information on the species resources of medicinal plants in Laos through various methods such as literature collation and analysis, sample line survey, visits and surveys, and initially obtains the medicinal plant resources in Laos, the use of folk herbs, and traditional medicine knowledge archives. It is found that Laos is rich with wild medicinal plant resources. There are 2 165 species (including varieties) belonging to 1 014 genera of 214 families, including 57 species belonging to 40 genera of 29 families of ferns, 32 species belonging to 17 genera of 8 families of gymnosperms, and 2 076 species belonging to 957 genera of 177 families of angiosperms. And, there are 108 kinds of medicinal materials currently circulatingin the market. Herbal resources is widely used in Laos, and many fresh herbs in the market have the special effects of relieving cough and promoting salivation, eliminating dampness, dispelling summer heat, nourishing yin and cooling blood.The medicinal materials for alleviating rheumatism and strengthening waist and knees in the market are with good prospects for development and utilization, so the development and management should be strengthened. China and Laos can conduct in-depth research and strengthen experience exchanges on traditional medicine experience.
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This paper analyzes and compares the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Germany, France, the UK and Netherlands, considering the economic and social situation of countries. The SWOT strategic analysis is carried out on the basis of the proposittion of China-Europe cooperation in TCM, which encourage to carry out joint tackling of TCM for common diseases, jointly promoting the legislation with the guidance of the government and the participation of the public, speeding up the registration and listing of Chinese patent medicine with the focus on the Netherlands and the UK, and optimizing the perspective and strength of TCM publicity with the help of new media. In this way, TCM should be promoted in Europe.
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Stroke has become one of the main causes of death in China, and ischemic stroke is the most common type. At the same time, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also increasing, and there are many similar risk factors with ischemic stroke. More and more studies have shown that CKD increases the incidence, severity and risk of poor outcome of ischemic stroke, but the specific mechanism of its interaction is not completely clear. For ischemic stroke patients with CKD, the most effective treatment and prevention measures are lack of sufficient evidence. This article reviews the relationship between CKD and ischemic stroke, as well as the treatment and prevention.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between eosinophil count and short-term outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke treated in Fuyang People's Hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and baseline clinical data were collected. The modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the short-term clinical outcome at the time of discharge or 14 d after onset. 0-2 was defined as good outcome, and >2 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of poor short-term outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of eosinophil count for poor short-term outcome. Results:A total of 300 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 187 males (62.3%) and 113 females (37.7%); their age was 63.62±12.14 years; baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 5.48±4.85. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients (76.0%) had a good outcome and 72 (24.0%) had a poor outcome. Univariate analysis showed that age, hypertension, baseline NIHSS score, C-reactive protein, atrial fibrillation, and neutrophil count of the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those of the good outcome group, while male, smoking, eosinophil count and percentage of eosinophils were significantly lower than those of the good outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline NIHSS score (odds ratio [ OR] 1.726, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.400-2.128; P<0.001), hypertension ( OR 3.744, 95% CI 1.227-11.426; P=0.020) and eosinophil count ( OR 0.287, 95% CI 0.102-0.616; P=0.043) were the independent influencing factors for the poor short-term outcome. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of eosinophil count for predicting the poor short-term outcome was 0.717 (95% CI 0.642-0.792), the best cutoff value was 0.075×10 9/L, and its sensitivity and specificity for predicting the poor short-term outcome were 88.6% and 51.4% respectively. Conclusion:The decreased eosinophil count had a certain predictive value for the poor short-term clinical outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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With the rapid development of science and technology, more creative methods have been applied to the inheritance mode of traditional Chinese medicine, such as studying the inheritance process of famous doctorsin an objective and rigorous way. The bottleneck of information transmission from famous doctors is to collect data, process data, apply algorithms, analyze and summarize data. The integration of artificial intelligence and big data deep learning algorithm knowledge mapping technology and other technical methods has brought technological innovation for the inheritance of famous doctors. With such development, the team of the research center of TCM grand health intelligence, Institute of Information on Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, has carried out a series of professional application system research in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, centering on the planning and inheritance of famous doctors. We developed the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform, medical big data analysis platform, cloud medical APP, and famous doctor inheritance workstation. In such way, the problems were solved of low efficiency of medical case collection and the lack of objective data support and information barriers in the experience summary of famous doctors. The artificial intelligence techniques are to promote the inheritance of famous doctors' experience and improve the teaching ability and efficiency.
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Objective:This paper studied the classification of syndrome and the multi-level expression method of syndrome elements, to realize the processing of syndrome name wiht computer, which could be applied to the research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intelligent auxiliary diagnosis system.Methods:With the guidance of TCM theory combining the syndrome differentiation and syndrome elements theory, the syndrome elements are divided into a more fine-grained way, and the hierarchical division method and multi-level expression method of syndrome elements are put forward. Than to conduct artificial analysis on the syndrome of gynecological diseases to verify the rationality of multi-level expression of syndrome elements. Based on the multi-level expression method of syndrome elements and pattern extraction method of pattern matching,form the extraction method of syndrome elements and through the batch processing of the Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Term of TCM& Syndrome Part to verify the accuracy of the batch processing methodexpression. Results:Guided by TCM theory, this study divided the constituent elements of syndrome names into two levels and five types containing disease location elements, disease nature elements which includes basic material, etiology, pathological state and conjunctions, based on which the syndrome splitting process is constructed. Based on this, the process of syndrome name elements separation is constructed. Artificial analysis of TCM syndrome names of menstrual diseases and infertility shows that all syndrome names can be divided into one or more disease location elements, disease nature elements, and conjunctions based on that splitting process. The accuracy rate of computer batch processing is as high as 71.4% based on that splitting process.Conclusions:The multi-level representation method of syndrome elements provides a theoretical framework for mass data processing by computer, improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing, provides a theoretical basis for the construction of training data set of syndrome differentiation model, provides support for TCM syndrome differentiation reasoning model, and can be applied to the research of TCM intelligent auxiliary diagnosis system.
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The international TCM clinical knowledge database is demand-oriented, fully integrated TM resources of the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences that has accumulated for decades, with increased new resources. The resources are structured by subject indexing, classification and knowledge extraction, and are hierarchically translated by machine translation and manned proofreading. In addition, the research group also designs and develops service platform using ontology, semantic web, association relationship and other information technology. The knowledge database will provide knowledge service to TCM practitioners and the general public worldwide, and promote the internationalization of TCM.
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The paper introduces the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Germany from the aspects of legislation and management, clinical treatment, education, scientific research, and medicinal plant resources. Based on this, this paper concludes that the major problems of TCM development in Germany are lack of effective legal protection, most TCM treatment therapiess are not covered by German health insurance, and the clinical level of TCM practioners is relatively low. Under the guildance of the Belt and Road Initiative, China should formulate relevant policies to promote international TCM cooperation between China and Germany, help Chinese institutions to build bridges with German institutions, cultivate German TCM talents, strengthen TCM cooperation on science and technology, and encourage Chinese enterprises to go global, therefore promoting the gradual development of TCM in Germany.
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China and Asean countries all have a history of usingtraditional medicine. With the establishment and development of asean economic zone, traditional medicine has been included in the key areas of economic and social cooperation between China and Asean Countries. We designed and constructed the China-Asean traditional medicine database for understanding and taking advantages of traditional medicine in Asean countries. Based on the principle of software engineering design, referred to the construction ideas, functional modules and construction methods of traditional Chinese medicine database, this paper designed and constructed China-Asean traditional Chinese medicine database, which has provided the basic information system for the exchange, cooperation and development. The database of and asean traditional medicine based on Internet is established, which provides basic data information service for the mutual exchange, cooperation and development of traditional medicine research. The "China-Asean traditional medicine database" has been token as the basic data platform for information centralization and sharing, and it lays a foundation for the construction of higher level knowledge base and intelligent application system to accumulate data in the field of traditional medicine.
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China and Asean countries all have a history of usingtraditional medicine. With the establishment and development of asean economic zone, traditional medicine has been included in the key areas of economic and social cooperation between China and Asean Countries. We designed and constructed the China-Asean traditional medicine database for understanding and taking advantages of traditional medicine in Asean countries. Based on the principle of software engineering design, referred to the construction ideas, functional modules and construction methods of traditional Chinese medicine database, this paper designed and constructed China-Asean traditional Chinese medicine database, which has provided the basic information system for the exchange, cooperation and development. The database of and asean traditional medicine based on Internet is established, which provides basic data information service for the mutual exchange, cooperation and development of traditional medicine research. The "China-Asean traditional medicine database" has been token as the basic data platform for information centralization and sharing, and it lays a foundation for the construction of higher level knowledge base and intelligent application system to accumulate data in the field of traditional medicine.
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Objective@#To explore the rules of TCM treatment of Asthma on different syndromes.@*Methods@#We searched the modern clinical literature of asthma treated by TCM form Chinese Clinical Literature Database, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang Database and CQVIP from 1949-2017, collected key information such as diseases, syndromes, and drug composition by human-computer integration and constructed a database. We calculated the co-occurrence matrix of syndrome-herb and the frequent item sets of herb for different syndromes using TCM Miner (http://tcmminer.cintcm.com:8023/tcm/index.jsp). The prescription and treatment of asthma with different syndrome were analyzed, and a new medicine prescription was proposed for common five kinds of common syndromes.@*Results@#There were 234 articles containing 124 syllables, 1 337 prescriptions and 290 herbs. For different syndromes, the high-frequency medicine was obviously different, which reflected the important ideas of TCM syndrome differentiation. According to five common syndromes including fever syndrome, cold syndrome, lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome and kidney-yang deficiency syndrome, five new drug prescriptions have evolved.@*Conclusions@#Analysis of TCM prescriptions based on differentiating syndromes can explore the essence of TCM and provided ideas and data support for researchers.
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This paper analyzes the current Chinese people's cognition and use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) through questionnaire survey. Most of the respondents think that TCM has its own characteristics and advantages, and is gradually becoming an important choice for people to prevent and treat diseases. Chinese people pay the attention to the experience of TCM doctors and the effect of TCM when they are seeking medical care. The lack of talents of TCM, the slow or unstable curative effect of TCM are also issues that people pay more attention to.The policy suggestions in all aspects, including the reform of TCM medical treatment, TCM education, scientific research, industry and systemmechanismhave been affirmed.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level and early functional outcomes in young patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, consecutive young patients (18-45 years old) with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, Fuyang People's Hospital were enrolled. According to the modified Rankin Scale score at discharge or on the 14th day of hospitalization (whichever occurs first), the patients were divided into poor outcome group ( > 2) and good outcome group (0-2). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between the serum ALP level and outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of baseline serum ALP level for poor outcomes. Results A total of 200 young patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, and 138 (69. 0％) in the good outcome group and 62 (31. 0％) in the poor outcome group. Univariate analysis showed that the serum ALP level (87. 72 ±25. 60 U/L vs. 81. 70 ±22. 95 U/L; t = -4. 464, P < 0. 001) and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (median and interquartile range: 9 [8- 12] vs. 2 [1-4]; Z = -10. 540, P < 0. 001) in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high serum ALP levels (odds ratio 1. 030, 95％ confidence interval 1. 001-1. 060; P = 0. 040) and high baseline NIHSS score (odds ratio 2. 387, 95％ confidence interval 1. 799-3. 142; P < 0. 001) were the independent risk factors for early poor outcomes. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of the baseline serum ALP level predicting poor outcome was 86. 25 U/L, and its sensitivity and specificity were 53. 2％ and 79. 7％, respectively. Conclusions High serum ALP level is independently associated with poor early outcomes in young patients with acute ischemic stroke. Baseline serum ALP level has certain predictive value for poor outcomes.
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OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the construction of medicine terminologysets in China.METHODS： By introducing and comparing naming rules， terminology type and classfication system of RxNorm， WHODrug and SNOMED CT， the relevant suggestions on the construction of medicine terminology sets in China were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： Due to the different demanding objects and specific application scenarios of different terminology sets， the three medicines terminology sets had their own characteristics.RxNorm mainly served electronic health records and medical insurance， and its medicine terminology contained the trade name information of the medicine. WHODrug mainly served ADR reports， and its structured medicine information data carried by the Drug Code， and the set adopted the system classification system-ATC. In order to promote the international interoperability of medicines concepts， SNOMED CT did not contained the trade name，and the purpose of classification was to define drugs. It is suggested that the construction of China’s medicine terminology sets should be based on the design and practical experience of foreign advanced drug terminology， encourage hospitals or pharmaceutical companies to disclose and share data， and try to build a drug model compatible with chemical drugs and proprietary Chinese medicines to adapt to the special nature of Chinese medicines and the needs of international communication.
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To explore the development tendency and major influential factors of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) resource and service by statistics analysis. Data are mainly from the Yearbook of Traditional Korean Medicine (2009-2015). Ministry of Health and Welfare Statistical Yearbook 2016, and the Ministry of health and welfare practicing qualification management system. This article analyzed the related indicators, such as the average annual growth rates and the proportion in the national medical system. From 2006 to 2015, the average annual growth rate of the number of TKM hospital and TKM clinics were 7.0％ and 3.2％ separately; the average annual growth rate of TKM doctor and TKM pharmacists were 4.3％ and 10.0％ separately; the average annual growth rate of the number of beds in TKM institutions were 9.3％; and the average annual growth rate of the number of applications for outpatient and inpatient reimbursement for medical insurance of TKM institutions were 12.3％ and 20.5％ separately. From 2006 to 2015, the resources and services of TKM presented an increasing tendency, and the accessibility of TKM resource and service was enhanced. It is suggested that China should use reference from the aspects of strengthening policy, expanding the sources of capital investment, and expanding the coverage of medical insurance.
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Objective To explore the rules of TCM treatment of Asthma on different syndromes. Methods We searched the modern clinical literature of asthma treated by TCM form Chinese Clinical Literature Database, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang Database and CQVIP from 1949-2017, collected key information such as diseases, syndromes, and drug composition by human-computer integration and constructed a database. We calculated the co-occurrence matrix of syndrome-herb and the frequent item sets of herb for different syndromes using TCM Miner (http://tcmminer.cintcm.com:8023/tcm/index.jsp). The prescription and treatment of asthma with different syndrome were analyzed, and a new medicine prescription was proposed for common five kinds of common syndromes. Results There were 234 articles containing 124 syllables, 1 337 prescriptions and 290 herbs. For different syndromes, the high-frequency medicine was obviously different, which reflected the important ideas of TCM syndrome differentiation. According to five common syndromes including fever syndrome, cold syndrome, lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome and kidney-yang deficiency syndrome, five new drug prescriptions have evolved. Conclusions Analysis of TCM prescriptions based on differentiating syndromes can explore the essence of TCM and provided ideas and data support for researchers.
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This paper analyzes the current Chinese people's cognition and use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) through questionnaire survey. Most of the respondents think that TCM has its own characteristics and advantages, and is gradually becoming an important choice for people to prevent and treat diseases. Chinese people pay the attention to the experience of TCM doctors and the effect of TCM when they are seeking medical care. The lack of talents of TCM, the slow or unstable curative effect of TCM are also issues that people pay more attention to.The policy suggestions in all aspects, including the reform of TCM medical treatment, TCM education, scientific research, industry and systemmechanismhave been affirmed.
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The paper analyzed the scale, educational background, degree, and financial source of the European students in Chinese TCM colleges and universities by using excel 2013. The results showed that there were 19 TCM colleges and universities recruiting European students, and the number of campus students, enrollment students, graduation students were 409, 257 and 280 in 2017 respectively. The campus students in 2017 was highest since five years ago, but was less than the Afro-Asia states. Training was main form of studying abroad. Most campus students were at their own expenses, or received the help from Chinese government. The education for European students in Chinese TCM colleges and universities has made some achievement, but there were still some questions: the European students was not too much, the education's attraction was not strong, and the financial help from international organization and foreign government was scarce.